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Speciality
ECG (Electrocardiogram)
An ECG (Electrocardiogram) is a simple, safe, and non-invasive test that records the electrical activity of the heart. Each heartbeat is triggered by an electrical impulse, and the ECG machine displays these impulses as wave patterns on paper or a digital screen.
Purpose
Check the heart rate and rhythm.
Detect arrhythmias (irregular heartbeat).
Diagnose a heart attack (current or past).
Identify coronary artery disease or angina.
Detect conduction defects, chamber enlargement, or electrolyte imbalances.
Monitor the effect of cardiac medicines or pacemakers.
Procedure
The patient is asked to lie down on a bed in a calm environment.
The skin is cleaned, and 10–12 small electrodes (sticky patches) are attached to the chest, arms, and legs.
These electrodes are connected to the ECG machine using wires.
The patient is told to stay still and breathe normally (no movement during recording).
The machine records the heart’s electrical activity and produces a graph/waveform.
The entire test takes about 5–10 minutes, after which the electrodes are removed.
Benefits
Quick, painless, and non-invasive.
Gives immediate results.
Very useful in emergency situations like chest pain or fainting.
Safe for all age groups, including children and elderly.
Low-cost and widely available.
Risks
No radiation exposure (unlike X-rays or CT scans).
Completely safe.
Only minor skin redness/irritation may occur at electrode sites (very rare).